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新GRE写作官方题库精选(一)
GRE官方题库原题41
The following is a letter to the editor of the Waymarsh Times.
"Traffic here in Waymarsh is becoming a problem. Although just three years ago a state traffic survey showed that the typical driving commuter took 20 minutes to get to work, the commute now takes closer to 40 minutes, according to the survey just completed. Members of the town council already have suggested more road building to address the problem, but as well as being expensive, the new construction will surely disrupt some of our residential neighborhoods. It would be better to follow the example of the nearby city of Garville. Last year Garville implemented a policy that rewards people who share rides to work, giving them coupons for free gas. Pollution levels in Garville have dropped since the policy was implemented, and people from Garville tell me that commuting times have fallen considerably. There is no reason why a policy like Garville's shouldn't work equally well in Waymarsh."
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
题目翻译
Waymarsh的交通问题显然正在接近纪录。仅仅三个援前我上班路上需要15分钟,现在几乎需要25分钟。Waymarsh应该借鉴我们临近城市Gearsville的例子。去年,Gearsville实施了一项政策,奖励那些合伙搭车上下班的人以免费的汽油券。政策实施之后Gearsville的污染水平下降了,一些住在Gearsville的朋友告诉我他们上班比以前要快。鉴于Waymarsh严重的交通与污染问题,我们必须实施和Gearsville类似的政策。
题目分析
论断:我们必须采取和隔壁G城一样的政策。因为我们的污染和交通问题都非常严重。三个月前我上班花15分钟,现在差不多需要25分钟。G城实施政策用免费的油票鼓励人们共用车,政策实施后G城的污染一直在下降,而几个住在那儿的朋友告诉我他们上班比以前快了。
不一定成立的前提,即我们的污染和交通问题很严重。首先论者没有提供有关我们的污染问题有哪些,情况怎样,我们无法知道他的说法是否正确。其次交于交通问题的恶化,仅凭他个人的经历不能说明整个城市的问题。因为三个月的时间还不足让整个城市的交通恶化到论者所描述的程度,也许是论者上班的道路上局部发生了一些变化,比如可能有施工等暂影响交通的因素。
G城的措施能解决我们的问题。首先两个城市的必然存在的差异使得G城的经验不一定会适合我们,比如居民密度,车辆拥有量等。如果G城居民密度大,彼此之间距离近,而我们居民之间住得远,就使得共用车无法实行。其次,用免费油票剌激居民共用车上班,有可能增加居民在其他方面多用车。
·G城解决得很好。首先论者没有为我们排除其它因素带来G城的污染下降的可能,比如G城关闭了污染严重的工厂等,这使得我们无法确信是共用车制度使汽车污染下降。其次关于交通问题,论者用的几个朋友的表述也不足信,因为各别人的经历同样无法代表整个城市的变化。
结论:论者的推论考虑不周全,仅凭个人感觉就作出武断的推论。提出的建议也不值得采纳。
提纲参考
1. 时间顺序不决定因果关系。可能是由于道路施工。污染下降可能由于环境治理。
2. 一些人的情况不说明整体情况。可能由于道路改造工程。
3. 奖励免费汽油券未必减少交通,从某种程度上鼓励开车。样本差异。